MARPOL Reception Facility Inadequacies
In recent months, the Coast Guard received complaints alleging that certain waterfront facilities within the Sector Houston-Galveston area of responsibility are charging an unreasonable price to remove MARPOL residues/waste from vessels.
The cost of these services should not present a disincentive to users which may deter the use of reception facilities. Upon investigation, we have substantiated some of these allegations.
The IMO "Guide to Good Practice for Port Reception Facility Providers and Users" (MEPC.1/Circ.671/Rev.1) states, "Although the port structure in a State Party may or may not accommodate cost/pricing schemes and/or other incentives for MARPOL residues/wastes delivery ashore, reception facility services should be provided at a reasonable cost. The IMO Guidelines for ensuring the adequacy of port waste reception facilities (section 3.2) define "adequate" facilities as those which "do not provide mariners with a disincentive to use them", and further suggest that unreasonably high costs can deter use of Pollution Reception Facilities (Guidelines, section 5.2)."
With this being said reception facilities are reminded that as long as vessels provide 24 hour notice the facility should provide MARPOL reception services at a reasonable cost.
A Certificate of Adequacy is required, per Title 33, CFR, Part 158 and the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships 73/78 (MARPOL), for ports or terminal used by oceangoing tankers, or other oceangoing ships of 400 gross tons or more, carrying oily mixtures, or by oceangoing ships carrying NLS residue.
Additionally, the Coast Guard has received complaints that certain waterfront facilities within the Sector Houston-Galveston area of responsibility are not allowing ships unloading Noxious Liquid Substances (NLS) to drain NLS residues from cargo hoses and piping systems back to the terminal/facility. Subpart E – Port and Terminal Operations: 33CFR158.500 clearly states that the person in charge shall ensure that each cargo hose and each piping system containing NLS received from each oceangoing ship carrying NLS cargo is not drained back into the ship.
MARPOL Annex II Reg.18 states that NLS residues from ship cargo hoses and piping systems shall not be drained back to the ship.
Violators of these regulations are liable for civil penalties of up to $25,000 per day, per violation, with each day of a continuing violation constituting a separate violation. Knowingly violating the regulations may result in fines for each violation of up to $50,000, imprisonment for up to five years, or both. Non-compliance may also result in the revocation of a facility's COA, resulting in termination of the facility's marine operations.
（译文参考：船舶管理部机务培训分析师 傅恒星）
船舶污染物（MARPOL）接收方存在的问题
最近几个月，海岸警卫队接到多起因隶属于休斯敦-加尔韦斯顿（Sector Houston-Galveston）责任区域的部分码头设施在接收船上污染残留物/废物时索要不合理费用的投诉。
该项收费不应成为使用户（船舶）打消使用接收设施处理污染物的的诱导因素。调查后获得的证据，证实了我们的部分推断。
IMO“港口接收设施提供者及用户良好做法指南” (MEPC.1/Circ.671/Rev.1)中表明，尽管在缔约国港口国协议框架中，可以提供或不提供费用/价格实施方案，和或其他鼓励污染物残渣/废物送岸处理的激励措施，岸上接收设施的服务收费应控制在合理范围内。IMO指南中确保足够的废物接收设施（section 3.2）， “adequate/充足的或胜任的”的意义在于，这些设施的本身不应该成为阻碍航运业使用的不利因素。并进一步阐明，过高的不合理收费会挫伤大家使用岸方防污染接收设施的积极性。
这就是说，岸上接收设施应全天候为船舶提供污染物接收服务，该服务价格应在合理的范围内。
根据Title 33, CFR, Part 158和MARPOL 73/78相关规定，所有用于接收抵港油轮或其他所有400总吨以上，装运油水混合物或载有残余有毒液体的远洋海轮污染物的港口或码头接收设施需经过相应的认可发证。
另外，海岸警卫队还接到船舶对原本是上述区域责任范围内的的岸方接收设施，不容许船舶将在卸货时将货油管和相关管线中泄放的有毒液体货物（NLS）排至码头/接收设施。“港口和码头操作”—E部分（33CFR158.500 Subpart E）明确指出：接收设施的负责人，应确保岸方能够接收来自NLS远洋海轮含有有毒液货的任何软管和相关管线中残余物，且均不应将货物残留物排回船舶。
MARPOL Annex II Reg.18同样规定，来自NLS船舶的货油管线及软管里的货物残余不应该再泄放回船舶。
违反上述相关规定的责任主体应承担相应民事责任，应按单独列出的规操作次数，及每次违规的连续时间计，每天处罚$25,000。如被查出故意违反规定则可能面临$50,000处罚，或最高5年监禁的严厉处罚，或两者同时执行。出现不符合情况会导致接收设施的资质被取消，并被终止海上设施作业。
